A PCR result can identify Bordetella avium DNA, but it cannot diagnose the flock by itself. Here is what these assays add—and what still requires clinical context.

Hens pass antibodies to chicks through the yolk—but not all of them, and not forever. This review explains what maternal IgY can and cannot do for a newly hatched chick.

Backyard chickens and wild birds can share more than space. This review explains how disease moves at the flock-wildlife interface and what owners can do to reduce risk.

Parasites are common in backyard poultry, but guessing is not a plan. This review explains Alabama flock data on coccidia, worms, and other intestinal organisms.

Biosecurity works only when people can actually do it. This review explains why backyard poultry disease prevention needs realistic, flock-sized practices.

What do backyard chickens actually die from when submitted to diagnostic labs? This review explains a multi-state mortality study—and what it means for protecting your flock.